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高考赋分,也称为等级赋分制

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发表于 昨天 13:04 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式 来自: 中国广东东莞
一、赋分的定义与目的
赋分是将考生的原始成绩按照一定的规则进行转换,得到一个等级分数。这个等级分数反映了考生在该科目全体考生中的相对位置,从而实现不同科目之间成绩的可比性。赋分制度的主要目的是保证考试的公平性,避免由于不同科目难度差异导致的分数不可比问题。
二、赋分的计算方法
  • 等级划分:
    • 将每个科目考生的原始成绩从高到低排列,并按照一定的比例划分出A、B、C、D、E五个等级。各等级人数所占比例可能因地区和年份而有所不同,但通常大致为A等15%、B等35%、C等35%、D等13%、E等2%。
    • 需要注意的是,有些地区或年份可能会将等级划分为更多或更少的等级,或者调整各等级的人数比例。
  • 分数转换:
    • 根据等级划分的结果,将每个等级内的考生原始分数等比例转换到相应的赋分区间。例如,A等级可能对应100~86分,B等级对应85~71分,以此类推。
    • 具体的转换公式可能因地区和年份而有所不同,但通常都遵循等比例转换的原则。
  • 四舍五入取整:
    • 经过转换公式计算后,得到的赋分成绩通常需要进行四舍五入取整处理,以得到最终的赋分结果。

三、赋分制度的意义
  • 保证公平性:
    • 赋分制度通过等比例转换和相对位置评价的方式,最大限度地抹平了由于学科难度差异带来的不公平现象。
    • 使得不同科目之间的成绩可以相加和比较,从而保证了考试的公平性。
  • 引导学生全面发展:
    • 在新高考模式下,学生可以根据自己的兴趣和特长选择科目组合进行考试。
    • 赋分制度的存在使得学生在选择科目时更加注重自己的兴趣和特长,同时也会考虑到不同科目的难度和竞争情况,从而促进学生的全面发展。
  • 为高校选拔人才提供参考:
    • 高校在选拔人才时,往往需要综合考虑学生的各方面素质。
    • 赋分制度可以将学生的成绩转换为等级分数,更加直观地反映学生在该科目全体考生中的相对位置,从而为高校选拔人才提供更加准确的参考依据。

四、注意事项
  • 赋分转换由省招生办组织专家进行:
    • 考生不参与转换过程,原始分、赋分过程等过程性信息根据相关规定不予公布。
  • 学考合格才能赋分:
    • 考生需要确保所选科目合格性考试合格后才能参与等级性考试的赋分。
  • 选考分数不代表高考最终得分:
    • 赋分后的成绩才是考生该科目的最终得分,用于高考录取的依据。

综上所述,高考赋分制度是新高考改革中为了平衡不同科目难度差异而采用的一种计分方式。它通过等比例转换和相对位置评价的方式保证了考试的公平性,引导学生全面发展,并为高校选拔人才提供了更加准确的参考依据。
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